We answer the question posed by the title by specifying and estimating a simple dynamic model of prices, wages, and … product-market and labor-market shocks on prices and nominal wages and to quantify the sources of U.S. pandemic-era inflation …, most of the inflation surge that began in 2021 was the result of shocks to prices given wages. These shocks included sharp …

Heterogeneous-agent New Keynesian models with sticky nominal wages usually assume that wage-setting unions demand the …, wages and inflation to monetary policy shocks becomes notably less pronounced. This attenuation reflects that hours worked … modification substantially lowers the effective stickiness of nominal wages, resulting in markedly different wage and inflation …