financial liberalization agenda of the mid-1980s, a system of bank oligopolies has developed in both large and small, open … market power, excess liquidity, bank concentration, interest rate spread and the implications of bank foreign exchange …

This paper investigates macroprudential policy effects on bank systemic risk and the role of inflation targeting in … such effects. Using bank-level data for 45 countries comprising various monetary and exchange rate regimes, our regime … tightening of most macroprudential tools-including DSTI and LTV limits, and capital requirements-reduces bank systemic risk …