For most academics and policy makers, the depth of the 2007-09 financial crisis, its longevity and its impacts on the real economy resulted from an erosion of confidence. This paper proposes to assess empirically the link between consumer sentiment and consumption expenditures for the United...

We model Greek monetary policy in the 1990s and use our findings to address two interrelated questions. First, how was monetary policy conducted in the 1990s so that the hitherto highest-inflation EU country managed to join the euro by 2001? Second, how compatible is the current ECB monetary...

This paper estimates and solves a multi-country version of the standard DSGE New Keynesian (NK) model. The country-specific models include a Phillips curve determining inflation, an IS curve determining output, a Taylor Rule determining interest rates, and a real effective exchange rate...

Policy makers employed unconventional monetary policy (UMP) tools to respond to the recent global financial crisis in the U.S. and other advanced economies, and the UMP is about to be normalized. In this paper, we try to quantitiatively assess the effects of the UMP and its normalization on...

The main objective of this study was introducing the new term “monetary behavioral”, which is defined as turbulence and excessive reaction in money markets due to very extreme speculation in money and exchange markets, various internal and external factors such as poor management of monetary...

The main objective of this study was introducing the new term “monetary behavioral”, which is defined as turbulence and excessive reaction in money markets due to very extreme speculation in money and exchange markets, various internal and external factors such as poor management of monetary...

This paper makes inquiries into the adjustment and evolution of the exchange rate towards its new long-run equilibrium level following a change in money supply. Joint and sequential effects of interest rate parities and sticky prices on the rise, from the short-term through to the long-run...