(ESCB) has agreed to the temporary transfer of the national central bank's gold to a debt agency in full independence. This …This paper argues that using gold as collateral for highly distressed bonds would bring great benefits to the euro area … such a suggestion will be highly controversial. However, a necessary condition is that the European System of Central Banks …

(ESCB) has agreed to the temporary transfer of the national central bank’s gold to a debt agency in full independence. This …This paper argues that using gold as collateral for highly distressed bonds would bring great benefits to the euro area … such a suggestion will be highly controversial. However, a necessary condition is that the European System of Central Banks …

indicate that, as of late, bitcoin has become increasingly interdependent with gold, and seems just as suitable to hedge …

our problem allowing us to ask how old forms of money such as Gold and Silver hold up in today's world regarding their …. We analyse price dynamics from 1980 to 2020 for gold and silver resorting to annual data. Regarding bitcoin we employ …

that gold holdings were driven by institutional memory and persistent habits of central bankers. Countries continued to …Why did monetary authorities hold large gold reserves under Bretton Woods (1944-1971) when only the US had to? We argue … back currency in circulation with gold reserves, following rules of the pre-WWII gold standard. The longer an institution …