Gu, Mettesini, and Wright (2016) show that when buyers can use both money and credit, money can be essential only if credit is tight, and then further decreases of credit are irrelevant. We find that by additionally allowing indirect credit (i.e., borrowing money from third parties) – they...

Modern Money Theory (MMT) has generated considerable scrutiny and discussions over the past decade. While it has gained some acceptance in the financial sector and among some politicians, it has come under strong criticisms from all sides of the academic spectrum and from conservative political...

This paper evaluates the effect of a change in the quantity of money on relative prices in the U.S. economy based on quarterly time-series for the period of 1959 to 2013. We also estimate the implication of a change in relative prices on the rate of inflation and macroeconomic variables. The...

The transition economies were remarkably successful in curbing the inflation that took place after the initial transition and shocks and, more recently, most of the countries have brought inflation down to the levels found in major developed countries. In this paper we review the experiences and...

This paper analyzes the effectiveness of monetary policy on money and credit in Pakistan by using the data rich environment. FAVAR model is used which consists of 115 macroeconomic variable for the period 1992:01 to 2010:12. Results depict that after a positive shock in interest rate (discount...

The theory of endogenous money is the cornerstone of Post-Keynesian economics, which dates back to the pioneering writings of authors such as J. Robinson, Kaldor and Kalecki. Second generation Post-Keynesians such as Paul Davidson and Basil Moore have clearly drawn the boundaries of...

In this paper we present a series of models, all within the context of a simple two-good economy, which bring out the distinctions between the different types of money and financial institutions. The models emphasize the physical properties of the economic goods, moneys, and trading systems. In...

In this paper we present a series of models, all within the context of a simple two-good economy, which bring out the distinctions between the different types of money and financial institutions. The models emphasize the physical properties of the economic goods, moneys, and trading systems....

An alternative formula to the Quantity Theory uses monetary aggregates to measure changes in the value of money which explain virtually all variation of future long-term inflation, enabling significantly more accurate inflation forecasts than consensus with important implications for monetary...

This paper begins by defining, and distinguishing between, money and finance, and addresses alternative ways of financing spending. We next examine the role played by financial institutions (e.g., banks) in the provision of finance. The role of government as both regulator of private...