This article uses European Central Bank (ECB) survey data to assess whether gender matters in the small firms … female firms structurally different from those led by men, without leaving room for a significant gender effect. An … of gender discrimination appears in the supply of bank loans in Germany, Italy, and Spain, while some demand obstacles …

We present a theoretical and empirical analysis of the links between the gender of an entrepreneur, access to finance … than that of their men counterparts. This suggests that the firms owned or managed by women should perform better than the … firms owned or managed by men, ceteris paribus. We find empirical support for the assumptions and the predictions of our …