came into the canon, and came to be applied to men, only after it had been applied against women. By the time that American … which involved women who performed on stage. Only after application in a series of cases enjoining women performers did the … rule gain a foothold in American common law. This injunction was legally acceptable in cases involving women because it was …

intimate abuse both as victims and as perpetrators. While there is a tendency to view women's experiences as victims of …