A review of the recent evaluation evidence on financial services and training interventions questions their gender …. These features help women overcome gender-related constraints. However, when social norms are too restrictive, and women are … de-biasing service provision, which can be gender biased; lastly, whenever possible, results should be sex …

, and whether these effects differ by gender. Using detailed students' data from an Italian university, combined with … students who acquire citizenship, particularly among males, leading to a reduction in gender gaps. Moreover, gender gaps are … smaller and show a more pronounced decrease with citizenship as gender inequality in countries increases. Results are …

Important gender differences in earnings and career trajectories persist. Particularly, in professions such as business …. Gender differences in competitiveness have been proposed as a potential explanation. Using an incentivized measure of … competitiveness, this paper investigates whether competitiveness explains future gender differences in earnings and industry choice in …

Do gender disparities in academia reflect that female scholars are held to higher standards than males? We address this … makes the same career step. In most domains, this reflects a gender gap for "marginal" scholars, consistent with lower merit …