"We examine whether women and men of the same ability differ in their decisions to seek challenges. In the laboratory … performance, men choose the hard task about 50 percent more frequently than women, independent of performance level. Gender … choice high performing women choose the hard task significantly more often, at a rate now similar to the decision of men …

"Recent research documents that while men are eager to compete, women often shy away from competitive environments. A … competitive entry. We find that when women are guaranteed equal representation among winners, more women and fewer men enter … women and thus result in reverse discrimination towards men. Interestingly this need not be the outcome when competitive …