Hierarchical or "multilevel" regression models typically parameterize the mean response conditional on unobserved latent variables or "random" effects and then make simple assumptions regarding their distribution. The interpretation of a regression parameter in such a model is the change in...

In public health research, it is common to follow a cohort of subjects over time, observing a vector of health indicators and a set of covariates at each of many visits. An objective of analysis is to characterize the inter-dependencies, in particular, the feedback of one response upon another...