payments between native and migrant household in France, Germany and Spain. The question is of interest both from a … households in France and in Spain, while no significant gap is observed in Germany. Our results also confirm the existing …

German municipalities are expected to suffer from (often significant) population losses in the upcoming decades. We … elasticity of local government cost functions to population size. We find that costs rise (fall) underproportionally with … population size for small municipalities, whereas this is less the case for larger municipalities. This implies that especially …