the language proficiency of immigrants by exploiting the fact that the initial placement of guest-workers after WWII was … several data sets, we find a small but robust and significant negative effect of ethnic concentration on immigrants' language … immigrants across Germany. -- Enclave ; ethnic concentration ; language proficiency ; immigrants ; instrumental variable ; random …

The paper analyses the impact of regional own-ethnic concentration on the language proficiency of immigrants. It solves … initially placed by firms and labor agencies. We find a robust negative effect of ethnic concentration on immigrants' language … ; language proficiency ; immigrants ; instrumental variable ; random utility mode …

the language proficiency of immigrants by exploiting the fact that the initial placement of guest-workers after WWII was … several data sets, we find a small but robust and significant negative effect of ethnic concentration on immigrants' language …

the language proficiency of immigrants by exploiting the fact that the initial placement of guest-workers after WWII was … several data sets, we find a small but robust and significant negative effect of ethnic concentration on immigrants' language …

the language proficiency of immigrants by exploiting the fact that the initial placement of guest-workers after WWII was … several data sets, we find a small but robust and significant negative effect of ethnic concentration on immigrants' language …