) monetary policy shocks and the exchange rate shocks. Our shock-dependent measure of ERPT points to a large but volatile pass …

shocks have large and persistent price effects, while output effects tend to be moderate. The 2022 natural gas price spike … winter. Counterfactual simulations of an embargo on natural gas imports from Russia indicate similar positive price and …

appreciation and how household expenditures responded to these price changes. Consumer prices of imported goods and of competing …-invoiced border prices. These price changes resulted in substantial expenditure switching between imported and Swiss-produced goods …. While the frequency of import retail price reductions rose in the aftermath of the appreciation, the average size of these …

the long run as well as in the short run. Thus, a proper distinction might be crucial when predicting import price …