start. The effects are higher for women than for men and higher in West Germany than in East Germany. Further, we find that …

start. The effects are higher for women than for men and higher in West Germany than in East Germany. Further, we find that …

Since ethnic clustering is common in Germany, a better understanding of its effects on the integration of immigrants … labour market outcome of first-generation immigrants in Germany is analysed empirically. It, thus, contributes to the … literature by extending it to Germany on which hardly any research has been conducted. For the analysis, two measures for labour …

clustering on the labour market outcome of immigrants in Germany. Thereby, we use two measures for labour market integration: the … Germany on which hardly any research has been conducted. Second, we employ a new methodological approach which allows for the …-step strategy, combining a control function and an instrumental variable (IV) approach. We observe immigrant clustering in Germany …

welfare recipients in Germany. In particular, we investigate whether program effects differ between both groups and what might … ; decomposition ; matching ; Germany …