contributions boosted in many nations. Yet our research on old-age system reforms does not require raising mandatory retirement ages … or contributions. Instead, we offer ways to enhance incentives for people to work longer and delay retirement. There are … good reasons to incentivize older people to work longer and delay retirement. These include rising longevity, the shrinking …

How much retirement income is needed in order to maintain one's living standard at old age? As it is difficult to find … replacement rate vis- a-vis income in the pre-retirement period. We subject indications regarding satisfaction with current income … the year of entry into retirement as a rather robust result, while replacement rates keeping the living standard unchanged …

deductions for early retirement. This paper examines the evolution of the profitability of pension contributions against the …

deductions for early retirement. This paper examines the evolution of the profitability of pension contributions against the …

Western societies. Starting with cohort 1937, Germany introduced permanent pension deductions for early retirement. This paper …