currencies can be treated as the same asset if their exchange rates vis-`a-vis the same base currency are cointegrated with a … yield that periods of strong comovements of the US dollar and Pound sterling based upon the Euro prevail during the 1990s … and periods of comovements of Euro and Pound sterling denominated in US dollar prevail since the introduction of the Euro …

exchange rate to one of the politically most important exchange rates, the exchange rate of the US dollar vis-à-vis the euro … (the DM). We use monthly data from 1975:01 to 2007:12. Applying a novel time-varying coefficient estimation approach, we …

exchange rate to one of the politically most important exchange rates, the exchange rate of the US dollar vis-à-vis the euro … (the DM). We use monthly data from 1975:01 to 2007:12. Applying a novel time-varying coefficient estimation approach, we …

exchange rate to one of the politically most important exchange rates, the exchange rate of the US dollar vis-à-vis the euro … (the DM). We use monthly data from 1975:01 to 2007:12. Applying a novel time-varying coefficient estimation approach, we …

exchange rate to one of the politically most important exchange rates, the exchange rate of the US dollar vis-à-vis the euro … (the DM). We use monthly data from 1975:01 to 2007:12. Applying a novel time-varying coefficient estimation approach …

sample covers Greece in 1989-2020 and Italy in 1989-2020. Findings - The research presented the estimation of shadow exchange … rates EUR/GRD and EUR/ITL during the euro zone membership period. Leaving the euro area one can expect the following market … rates: EUR/GRD 600 and EUR/ITL 1850. That would mean 75% depreciation and 5% appreciation to the current euro parities EUR …