Models recently studied by Farmer (2012, 2013, 2015) predict that, due to labor-market frictions and "animal spirits", stock-market fluctuations should Granger cause fluctuations of the unemployment rate. We performed several Granger-causality tests on more than half a century of data of German...

This paper considers the leading indicator properties of quantitative and qualitative variables for France, Germany, and Italy. The analysis employs cross-correlograms to gain a basic understanding as to the lead-lag characteristics of indicator variables. Furthermore, the study qualifies the...

The present paper tests for the validity of long-run purchasing power parity (PPP) for the three key currencies of the recent floating exchange rate period, the US dollar, the German mark and the Japanese yen. The novelty of the paper is that the validity of the PPP conditions relating the...