efficacy beliefs regarding others and chance. A first empirical survey-based test produces substantial support for our theory … ; learning ; information and knowledge ; communication ; belief ; expectations ; speculations …

zero inflation in the GDR. East Germans' higher inflation expectations are reflected in higher consumer debt and lower bond … expectations, with an important role for the interaction of experiences before and after the event …

Germans, who were used to a strong norm of zero inflation, persistently overadjusted the level of their expectations in the … environment can permanently impede people's ability to form accurate macroeconomic expectations, with an important role for the …

Germans, who were used to a strong norm of zero inflation, persistently overadjusted the level of their expectations in the … environment can permanently impede people's ability to form accurate macroeconomic expectations, with an important role for the …

We study how individual unemployment expectations are shaped and updated using a unique longitudinal survey data set … with subjective unemployment expectations. The survey data is linked with third-party reported administrative data on … expectations. We find that people are constantly uncertain about their unemployment prospects. The uncertainty causes them to …

should intervene in the business cycle. Following Ramey (2011b), we include expectations held by consumers and firms into the … findings also underscore the need to account for expectations, as failing to do so leads to significant misinterpretation of …

announcement of nation-wide school closures on March 13 caused by far the largest change in business perceptions. In contrast …, business perceptions hardly reacted to any other potential source of information: Firms did not learn from foreign policy … expectations and uncertainty, albeit to a much lesser extent than the domestic policy changes. …