This paper analyses the influence of exchange rate expectations on the demand for real balances. It is shown that currency substitution is an important factor in explaining real money holdings in Germany from 1970 to 1978. Additionally, evidence is provided concerning the influence of the...

The empirical relationship between income and longevity has been addressed by a large number of studies, but most were confined to men. For the first time we analyze a large data set from the German public pension scheme on women who died between 1994 and 2005, employing both non-parametric and...