Europe did desire to increase market work and consumption. But elites used the “social capital” of traditional institutions … to oppose new work and consumption practices, especially by women, migrants, and the poor. Although they seldom blocked …

This paper quantifies the extent of heterogeneity in consumption responses to changes in real interest rates and house … portfolios, observed in the Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) for these countries. We then show that the … heterogeneity in household finances implies that responses of consumption to changes in the real interest rate and in house prices …

This paper quantifies the extent of heterogeneity in consumption responses to changes in real interest rates and house …, observed in the Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) for these countries. We then show that the heterogeneity in … household finances implies that responses of consumption to changes in the real interest rate and in house prices differ …

This paper quantifies the extent of heterogeneity in consumption responses to changes in real interest rates and house …, observed in the Household Finance and Consumption Survey (HFCS) for these countries. We then show that the heterogeneity in … household finances implies that responses of consumption to changes in the real interest rate and in house prices differ …

In this paper we document inequality trends in wages, hours worked, earnings, consumption, and wealth for Germany from … West Germans in terms of the evolution of levels and inequality of wages, income, and consumption … unification (which happened politically in 1990 and in our data in 1991), and then trended upwards for wages and market incomes …