This paper argues that the socialist episode in East Germany, which constituted a radical experiment in gender equality … in the labor market and other instances, has left persistent tracks on gender norms. We focus on one of the most … resilient and pervasive gender gaps in modern societies: mathematics. Using the German division as a natural experiment, we show …

This paper argues that the socialist episode in East Germany, which constituted a radical experiment in gender equality … in the labor market and other instances, has left persistent tracks on gender norms. We focus on one of the most … resilient and pervasive gender gaps in modern societies: mathematics. Using the German division as a natural experiment, we show …

The relationship between education and fertility among individuals systematically varies by the education of the … education-fertility nexus and on associations between men's involvement with domestic work and fertility, this study …

observed narrowing of the gender wage gap is entirely driven by declining gender wag gaps within, rather than between …, occupations. A decomposition exercise reveals that while explained factors have become more important contributors to the gender … gender wage gap. …

This paper analyses (age-adjusted) employment rates by gender and education. We find that malefemale gender gaps and ….5 percentage points. At the same time, closing both the gender and education gaps would raise the EU employment rate from 76% to 89 … high-low education gaps in employment vary markedly across European Union (EU) countries and regions, with larger gaps …

Using information on family background, we estimate returns to education, allowing for the heterogeneity of returns. In … earn lower wages, but have higher returns to education. This supports the view that persons from less-educated backgrounds … is found for the effect of gender and cohort. …