remains. The ethnic identity entered the field of labor and migration economics in an effort to better explain the economic … identity is a major issue; even more challenging is to measure its impact on economic outcomes such as the probability to work … or the earnings of immigrants. The thin but burgeoning theoretical and empirical literature shows that ethnic identity …

A scarce literature deals with the consumption implications of cultural assimilation and integration, ethnic clustering … environment while preserving their cultural origins. The identity formation may also affect economic and societal relations …