contributions boosted in many nations. Yet our research on old-age system reforms does not require raising mandatory retirement ages … or contributions. Instead, we offer ways to enhance incentives for people to work longer and delay retirement. There are … good reasons to incentivize older people to work longer and delay retirement. These include rising longevity, the shrinking …

-cycle because retirement savings contain the history of idiosyncratic and aggregate shocks. We show that this leads to risk … aggregate risk. We argue that interactions between the two risks are important for this question. One is a direct interaction in … the form of a countercyclical variance of idiosyncratic income risk. The other indirectly emerges over a household's life …

-cycle because retirement savings contain the history of idiosyncratic and aggregate shocks. We show that this leads to risk … aggregate risk. We argue that interactions between the two risks are important for this question. One is a direct interaction in … the form of a countercyclical variance of idiosyncratic income risk. The other indirectly emerges over a household's life …

This paper explores the introduction of collective risk-reallocation elements in defined contribution pension contracts …. We consider status-contingent, age-contingent and asset-contingent arrangements to reallocate risk among participants …. Eliminating asset market risk for the retired raises their welfare, while it lowers welfare of the workers, despite the fact that …