Two opposed parties seek to influence an uninformed decision maker. They invest in acquiringinformation and select what to disclose. The decision maker then adjudicates. We compare thisbenchmark with a procedure allowing adversarial cross-examination. A cross-examiner tests theopponent in order...

Magna Carta, a pivotal moment in the emergence of constitutional government, institutionalised constraints on royal power. We depict it as an optimal agreement between two coalitions capable of violence: the king's loyal coalition of barons and the rebel barons. This type of agreement is more...