Cross-country comparisons of costs and quality between hospitals are often made at the macro level. The goal of this study was to explore methods to compare micro-level data from hospitals in different health care systems. To do so, we developed a multi-level framework in combination with a...

Introduction -- Defining the Problem -- Guiding Principles of a Value-Based Health Care System -- The German Health Care System: Overview and Historical Development -- Health Insurance in Germany -- Health Care Providers -- Overall Assessment of German Health Care Providers -- The Role of Health...