competition towards competition based on technical inventions, a worldwide surge in patenting took place, and the 'patent thicket …

Compulsory licensing allows governments to license patented inventions without the consent of patent owners. Intended … new drugs, however, are theoretically ambiguous: Compulsory licensing may encourage innovation by increasing competition … or discourage innovation by reducing expected returns to R&D. Empirical evidence is rare, primarily because contemporary …

This paper develops a sequential application-grant framework to analyze competing explanations for the two U.S. patent … argues that the 1990s intellectual property regime shift lowered examination standards and caused the 1990s patent surge …. Results from the empirical models reject the ¿friendly court¿ hypothesis as the primary source of the eighties patent surge …

I analyse how patent litigation outcome in Germany affects the performance of the disputing firms by interpreting … the functioning of the bifurcated German patent litigation system: The separation of litigation and invalidity decisions …, resulting in invalidity decisions taking much longer than decisions on infringement, provides patent holders with a window of …

I analyse how patent litigation outcome in Germany a ffects the performance of the disputing fi rms by interpreting … on the functioning of the bifurcated German patent litigation system. The separation of litigation and invalidity … decisions, resulting in invalidity decisions taking much longer than decisions on infringement, provides patent holders with a …

Foundation (NSF), patents issued by the United States Patent Office (USPTO) to U.S. academic institutions more than doubled from …

This paper looks at the decision to settle patent litigation in Germany from a new angle by focusing on detailed data … all patent litigation cases in Germany between 2000 and 2008 we estimate the likelihood of within-trial settlement. We …. Additionally, firm-specific stakes as measured by the relation of the involved parties to the disputed patent as well as firm …

heavily on the valuation of patent rights, as this gives a possible measurement of innovation output. …In 2004 the German Patent and Trademark Office commissioned the Ifo Institute to deliver a research report on the topic … "Identification of Available and Desirable Indicators for Patent Systems, Patenting Processes and Patent Rights". - The report …