Introduction: Two next-generation pneumococcal conjugate vaccines (PCVs), a 15- and a 20-valent PCV (PCV15 and PCV20), have recently been licensed for use in adults (PCV15: EC decision Oct 14, 2021; PCV20: EC decision Feb 14, 2022). We developed a dynamical transmission model specific for Germany,...

A central motivating factor for studying price markups is their effect on consumer welfare. Reported estimates of (firm-level) price markups in the literature, however, are often focused on industry or cross-country comparisons. These treat different industries equally rather than based on how...

The paper discusses the respective roles of competition policy and sector-specific regulation for industries such as telecommunications, electricity, and gas, in which network infrastructures that are natural monopolies serve as essential facilities for anybody who wants to provide services in...

The correct definition of the product market and of the geographic market is a prerequisite for assessing market structures in antitrust cases. For hospital markets, both dimensions are controversially discussed in the literature. Using data for the German hospital market we aim at elaborating...

Suchmaschinen ermöglichen Nutzern einen schnellen Zugang zu Informationen, die sie konkret suchen oder die sie durch die Suchmaschine entdecken. Sie haben sich zu wichtigen Informationsintermediären entwickelt. Aufgrund ihrer zentralen Rolle in der Informationsvermittlung und der...

Der Blick auf eine angemessene Wettbewerbsordnung hat sich im Laufe der Jahrzehnte vielfach gewandelt. Dazu trugen sowohl der technologische Wandel als auch ein tieferes Verständnis der ökonomischen Zusammenhänge bei. Aktuell muss die Wettbewerbspolitik das Gesetz gegen...

This chapter discusses the independence of competition authorities and addresses the question whether an independent European competition authority would perform a better competition policy than the competition office of the European Commission, which is not independent but, instead, integral...

This paper evaluates four publicly discussed policy options to mitigate market power in the German wholesale electricity market. These four options are: a regulatory solution favoured by the Federal Ministry for Economics and Technology, the implementation of a day-ahead flow-based market...

Ten years ago, EU Competition law transitioned from a system of centralized enforcement managed by the European Commission to a decentralized domain regulated by multiple institutional actors situated at both national and supranational level. With this development, the need for usage of...