This paper shows that railroad building in Russia, as in Europe and the US in the nineteenth century, improved the value of land, a classic benefit of transportation investment in largely agrarian countries. From a database constructed for this paper, we use cross-sectional data for the fifty...

Recent scholarship claims that extractive colonial institutions explain the lackluster performance of Latin American economies today. We examine forced labor in colonial Peru. We find that while coercive labor institutions led to a drop in the indigenous population until the seventeenth century,...

The Smog of Capitalism -- The Scramble for Oil -- Carbon America -- Motoring to Armageddon -- “Exxon Knew” -- The Geography of Catastrophe -- The Forward March of Environmentalism -- Renewables and Remediation -- Reckoning: 2020-50.