The increase in unemployment to relatively high levels for Switzerland in the 1990s gave rise to two fears: First, that economic growth no longer has any effect on employment (jobless growth), and second, that the equilibrium rate of unemployment, i.e. the rate of employment that prevails even...

During the twentieth century, German government and industry created a highly skilled workforce as part of an ambitious program to control and develop the country's human resources. Yet, these long-standing efforts to match as many workers as possible to skilled vocations and to establish a...

"Organizing" the labor market in the dynamic Kaiserreich -- Promoting a skilled workforce -- Toward Totalerfassung : creating the national labor administration -- Toward the German skills machine : establishing vocational counseling and training -- The Nazi consolidation of the human economies...