, in the medium run, the effects of the reform are insignificant for both male and female children. The sons of treated … mothers are perceived as still having worse health at older ages, even if their objective health status has recovered. These … boys are also more likely to have private health insurance, which suggests more concerned mothers. …

We study the determinants of math achievement among children in early elementary school using data from a unique … experiment in which children were randomly assigned to classrooms within schools for four consecutive grades. As a result, each … there are steep socioeconomic gradients and a substantial boy-girl gap in math test scores. However, among children of …