We provide causal evidence that children's school schedules contribute to the persistence of the gender pay gap between … parents. Historically, French children have had no school on Wednesdays. In 2013, a reform reallocated some classes to …

This paper uses an event study approach to estimate the impact of children on the gender earnings gap in Australia. We … use the Household, Income and Labour Dynamics in Australia (HILDA) survey to show the arrival of children has a large and … only slightly but remains high in the 10 years following the arrival of children. We attribute the gap in earnings to lower …

This paper estimates the effect of having children on labor force participation of mothers in urban Iranian areas. I … exploit sex composition of children as an exogenous source of variation in family size to account for endogeneity of fertility … with one and more, two and more, and three and more children, I find no significant effect of fertility on female labor …

We examine how much children and responsibilities related with them contribute towards the divergence of men's and … not have children and not due to the wage penalty incurred by mothers. …

children increases. In these advanced economies the negative impact on fertility deriving from the fact that fewer pregnancies …