nonparental childcare arrangements in Turkey-care of children by grandparents and nannies-became undesirable due to health …Daycares closed on March 16, 2020 in Turkey to prevent the spread of COVID-19. At the same time, the two most common … parental caregiving time of married parents of preschool-age children by using data from the 2014-15 Turkish Time Use Survey …

-five children in Turkey. I find gains in health and human capital among age-eligible children of both sexes. However, educational … mother works outside the home and in the number of young children in the household, and are absent if an elder sister is … present. My results suggest reducing morbidity among preschool children may have the added benefit of improving educational …

-five children in Turkey. I find gains in health and human capital among age-eligible children of both sexes. However, educational … mother works outside the home and in the number of young children in the household, and are absent if an elder sister is … present. My results suggest reducing morbidity among preschool children may have the added benefit of improving educational …

- to eleven-year old primary school children in the city of Meran, we find that cooperation generally increases with age …, but that the gap between cooperation among in-group members and cooperation towards children speaking another language is …

steep caste and gender gradients and few substantive changes once children enter school. The gender gap, however, reverses …