Firms can be credit constrained either because a loan has been denied by the lender or because they decide not to apply for such a loan due to expected rejection. Using a large sample of European small and medium enterprises, we investigate the relationship between gender and credit constraints....

Firms may have gender differences in governance characteristics, which may lead to differences in the firms' performances themselves, and consequently in the way credit is allocated. The paper demonstrates that there are differences in governance characteristics and, most important, there is a...