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prior to trial, grouped by type of crime …
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The Italian Constitution expressly contemplates the possibility of a wrongful conviction, by stating that the law shall determine the conditions and forms regulating damages in case of judicial error. Therefore, it should come as no surprise that many provisions of the Italian Code of Criminal...
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approximate 20 percent decline in total property crime arrests, and shifts in the composition of arrests away from felonies …
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likelihood of future criminal justice involvement fell, with no apparent increase in local crime rates. …
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This paper investigates how different outcomes of criminal appeals impact crime deterrence. My panel data analysis … (1997-2013) indicates that crime rates decrease when convictions are affirmed by the appellate court, as long as conviction … rates are not too high. Crime rates are further found to decrease when convictions are reversed but increase when cases are …
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Does consent excuse violence against another? Generally, it does not. Recently, however, criminal defendants charged with violence against their sexual partners have asked courts to treat violent sex or sadomasochism (S/M) as a sport, like prize fighting and hockey. While most courts have...
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Racial minorities are disproportionately imprisoned in the United States. This disparity is unlikely to be due solely to differences in criminal behavior. Behavioral science research has documented that prosecutors harbor unconscious racial biases. These unconscious biases play a role whenever...
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