black veterans. The discrimination we observe is acute—we would not observe any racial mortality differences had physicians … not been racially biased in determining pension awards. The effect of income on health was indeed large enough to close … the black-white mortality gap in the period. Our work emphasizes that the large effects of physicians' attitudes on racial …

black veterans. The discrimination we observe is acute—we would not observe any racial mortality differences had physicians … not been racially biased in determining pension awards. The effect of income on health was indeed large enough to close … the black-white mortality gap in the period. Our work emphasizes that the large effects of physicians' attitudes on racial …

This study examines a wide range of health and economic outcomes in a sample of Irish- and African-American Civil War …

This study examines a wide range of health and economic outcomes in a sample of Irish- and African-American Civil War …

This paper estimates the long-term health effects of Vietnam-Era military service using Australia's National … conscription lotteries for identification. Our primary contribution is the quality and breadth of our health outcomes. We use … significant detrimental effects on a number of morbidity measures. Hearing and mental health appear to be particularly affected. …

stature and insolation was remarkably similar between white soldiers and prisoners, adding to the evidence that there is a …