For more than a hundred years, advances in development were associated with decreasing fertility rates. This led to … total fertility rates far below replacement level in most developed countries. However, during the last decade fertility … human development index (HDI) with the total fertility rate (TFR) reverses from negative (increases in HDI are associated …

This paper aims to identify the causal effect of English language skills on education, health and fertility outcomes of … degrees, but do not affect child health and self-reported adult health. The impact of language on fertility outcomes is also … becoming a teenage mother, and decrease fertility. …

fertility on parental investments and on women's labour supply that use twin births to instrument fertility will tend to be …