By 1993, over 70 of all Americans with health insurance were enrolled in some form of managed care plan. The term … underlying market failures in the health care system asymmetric information about health risks, moral hazard, limited information … care on utilization. Nonetheless, many studies suggest that managed care plans reduce the rate of health care utilization …

As a key component of health care, a full understanding of how much is spent on prescription medicines is increasingly … important. Only a partial understanding of total expenditures across health systems is currently possible, as reporting is often … limited to medicines dispensed in community pharmacies. However, spending on pharmaceuticals used elsewhere in the health …