regulated at the federal level. Dispensing creates financial incentives for physicians to sell more drugs and to substitute …In many healthcare markets, physicians can influence the volume (volume response) and the composition of the services …

after physicians leave, their former patients persistently reduce their primary care utilization, only partially …

switching. Our results highlight the limits of healthcare policies that rely solely on financial incentives, particularly if …

This paper examines how physicians in China respond to a pay-for-performance scheme that mismeasures performance. In … to decrease drug expenditure. Using a unique patient-level data from a large Chinese hospital, I find that physicians … inducement hypothesis as physicians in China may receive under-the-counter commission for prescribing certain drugs. I also find …

We analyze whether the possibility for physicians to dispense drugs increases health care expenditures due to the … incentives created by the markup on drugs sold. Using comprehensive physician-level data from Switzerland, we exploit the fact … dispensing is permitted, physicians produce significantly higher drug costs in the order of 30% per patient. …

systems. One explanation for these variations is differences in medical practice styles; that is, physicians may develop their … data set from Upper Austria to study the practice styles among primary care physicians. We decompose the use of healthcare …