This paper analyzes the consequences of parallel trade on health care systems in a two-country model with a vertical distributor relationship. In particular, two cost-sharing systems coinsurance and indemnity insurance are compared with respect to changes in copayments and public health...

Looking at how well drugs work in routine clinical practice, rather than only in experimental randomised controlled clinical trials (RCTs), is increasingly seen as essential for a proper assessment of both net benefit (health gain minus harm and value (net benefit minus net cost). Establishing...