seizures, random mandatory drug test results, various measures of harm, violence, and causes of death. I first document a large … increase in NPS availability and an alarming correlation with the steep rise in harm and violence behind bars. I then evaluate … NPS. The analysis exploits cross-prison variation in the initial size of the drug market and shows high-intensity NPS …

This chapter focuses on the violence of incarceration for Indigenous people in Australia. The chapter uses a broad … concept of violence that includes overt physical violence, ill-treatment, and the failure to exercise a reasonable duty of … relationship between the violence of incarceration and Indigenous dispossession from land and denial of sovereignty …

between prison crowdedness and prison violence that is essential to understanding the impacts of having severely overcrowded … practitioners that there is a positive causal relationship between prison crowding and violence. A simple reduced form model is ….S. prison population as one of the primary goals. The first objective of this research is to estimate the causal relationship …

reduces both moderate and extreme violence. The reason is that a high penalty keeps relatively 'gutless' individuals from … relatively 'tough' individuals to commit moderately violent acts and so makes moderate violence more attractive for otherwise …

This paper analyses the repercussions of the high level of criminal violence in Latin America on the economy of the … violence has had a significant negative effect on investment and economic growth. …

a unique natural experiment: the 2004 expiration of the U.S. Federal Assault Weapons Ban exerted a spillover on gun …

reduces both moderate and extreme violence. The reason is that a high penalty keeps relatively 'gutless' individuals from … relatively 'tough' individuals to commit moderately violent acts and so makes moderate violence more attractive for otherwise …

This paper provides a county-level investigation of the root causes of gun violence in the U.S. To guide our empirical …

Domestic violence remains a serious public problem, especially in Hispanic communities, where one in three women are … victims of domestic violence in their lifetimes. Yet, less than 50 percent of Hispanic women report the incidents, indicating … in curtailing domestic violence, whether it is by promoting the early reporting of incidents, inhibiting potential …