The global financial crisis of 2007-8 gave definitive light to some worrying cracks that for years have plagued the global economy. In the UK, the remedy to the planetary collapse took the form of the stewardship code, issued in 2010 by the Financial Reporting Council. This initiative, as the...

Multi-party litigation refers to different legal mechanisms that facilitate groups of litigants with similar causes of action to bring consolidated legal claims to court. The rise of collective action regimes around the world reflects a trend in civil litigation which offers an alternative to...

Earlier this year the Federal Ministry of Justice released the second edition of the brochure, Law - Made in Germany. For those readers who do not know the brochure, it is the product of an umbrella group of German professional organizations known as the Bündnis für das deutsche Recht. A...

What would the United States look like if it stood on the side of peace and justice? In this keynote address, Adrien Wing advocates that it would have to support substantive justice. It must commit itself to respecting and using international law to further this type of justice. The United...

This article was the Kirby lecture presented in March 2009 at the Southern Cross University in Sydney, Australia. Adrien Wing's keynote speech was in support of Australian retired Justice Michael Kirby's legacy that national courts can and should gain strength from international law. The author...

The worldwide rise of the Value-Added Tax (VAT) over the last half-century is emblematic of the paradox in modern tax systems: their remarkable similarity in the face of divergent political, cultural and social systems. However efforts to introduce VAT-style taxes have frequently been...

The paper explores the origins of the Value Added Tax (VAT) and its rapid global rise from relative obscurity in the mid-twentieth century to its near worldwide adoption today. The paper highlights general trends in VAT design and provides a critical overview of the explanations provided for the...

Transnational Organized Crimes not merely have a bearing to the security of states, but also to that of its economy, given the large retail value of these crimes. Illicit Drug Trafficking, Terrorism, Money Laundering, smuggling, arms trade are not crimes independent of other crimes. They have a...

Global social indicators have become a core point of interest of scholarship in law and other social sciences. The term ‘legitimacy’ is occasionally mentioned in this literature but without in-depth discussion. This article aims to fill this gap by way of exploring the relationship between...

Entrepreneurial litigation is litigation in which the plaintiff's attorney functions as a risk-taking entrepreneur, financing, organizing, managing, and settling the litigation on behalf of numerous clients (who generally hold “negative value” claims), but with only modest oversight from the...