Motivated by globalization, the internationalization of Brazilian franchise chains to emerging countries has grown in recent decades. This internationalization provided opportunities for expansion for companies in this segment through business in foreign markets. The objective of this article is...

This paper aims to understand how born global firms develop their international pricing strategies, practices, and models. It aims to expand the study of international entrepreneurship and born global firms by including a broader and deeper range of pricing aspects than is normally found in the...

Outsourcing is now increasingly used as a competitive weapon in the global economy of the 21st century. We know from the past that globalization, is nothing new. It continues to affect people and businesses in every country of the world, spurred on by the trend in global outsourcing, in which...

The factors that determine firms' levels of internationalization remain a focal area of international business research. Within this research stream, studies building on the upper echelons theory have investigated the influence of the demographic characteristics of the top management team (TMT)...

The purpose of this paper is to investigate the relationship between the number of minority international joint ventures (MIJVs) formed and the level of internationalization attained in the context of small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). We argue that this is an inverted U-shaped...

The COVID-19 pandemic has exposed many of the weaknesses in our current systems of government and commerce. In this essay I provide some historical context to the recent era of ‘hyper-globalization’. I then present multiple factors---economic, social, political, technological and...