now than ever, only a financial mechanism can scale up capital to such an extent. However, climate risk represents the …-term investors by directly modelling the dynamics of the GMST. The evaluation of climate risk requires a model incorporating the … function, and include stochastic processes representing additional risk. We obtain a bivariate Ornstein-Uhlenbeck process and …

The most extreme risk are those that threaten the entirety of human civilization, known as global catastrophic risks … important to address because they threaten everyone around the world and future generations. Global catastrophic risks also pose … some deep dilemmas. One dilemma occurs when actions to reduce global catastrophic risk could harm society in other ways, as …

world to U.S. based equity variance risk. We explore implications for global risk premiums and asset return comovements …Innovations in volatility constitute a potentially important asset pricing risk factor that can be tested using the … exhibit negative loadings on the variance risk factor. These exposures, combined with the average return to the variance swap …

-industrial levels, and to achieve a low-carbon world by 2050. Revisions to international finance investment strategies are expected to …