The transition from high- to lower-carbon production systems increasingly creates regulatory and market risks for high-emitting firms. We test to which extent financial investors demand a premium to compensate for such risks and thus might raise firms' cost of equity capital (CoE). Using data...

Emission trading Scheme (ETS) is gaining momentum with its increasing market size and constantly improving information transmission mechanisms. With carbon assets becoming prominent as an alternative asset in investment portfolios, the ETS market has engaged a broad range of participants,...