We analyse variations of carbon emissions in the European cement industry from 1990 to 2011, at the European level (EU 27), and at the national level for six major producers (Germany, France, Spain, United Kingdom, Italy and Poland). We apply a Log-Mean Divisia Index (LMDI) method, crossing data...

To find the manufacturer's optimal recycling mode under the dual factors of government subsidies and consumers’ low-carbon preference, we construct three game models by taking the wholesale price, retail price, recovery rate and carbon emission reduction level as the decision variables. Then,...