This paper develops a closed-loop supply chain model consisting of a single manufacturer, single retailer, and single collector under various coordination scenarios. New products produced from the manufacturing and remanufacturing processes will be sold to the market at the same price. Used...

Purpose: The purpose of this research is to develop an optimization model of CNC turning process. The objective function of the model is to minimize processing time and carbon emission. We implemented the results of optimization with real machining application using a certain workpiece....

The blood supply chain (BSC) is a complex system with optimization challenges, whose activities impact carbon emissions and the environment, especially with regard to the disposal of expired blood bag waste. This study proposes a new mixed-integer linear programming (MILP) model that considers...

This paper aims to minimize the emissions in the supply chain consisting of a vendor and a buyer under carbon regulations. Emissions from the supply chain are generated by several operations, namely production, transportation and storage, and are sought to be reduced by implementing a carbon tax...