This study provides insight into sustainability challenges in Venezuela by exploring the causal interactions between oil price, energy consumption and carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions in Venezuela. Economic growth, government consumption expenditure and trade openness are included as additional...

The paper investigates whether the decline in environmental quality in BRIC economies is due to high energy consumption level which is a resultant of rapid economic growth. We answer this using environmental, macroeconomic and financial variables along with Kyoto Protocol indicators based on...

This paper analyzes energy use and CO2 emissions of more than 78,000 German industrial establishments between 1995 and 2006. It is the first study to exploit exceptionally rich energy data that were recently matched to official micro datasets. We document that both energy use and intensity are...

This paper examines the relationship among real GDP, CO2 emissions, and energy use in the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Using annual data for the years 1960–2013, stationarity, structural breaks, and cointegration tests have been conducted. The empirical evidence strongly...

This paper examines the relationship among real GDP, CO2 emissions, and energy use in the six Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries. Using annual data for the years 1960-2013, stationarity, structural breaks, and cointegration tests have been conducted. The empirical evidence strongly...

The article aims to investigate the relationship between economic growth, oil production, energy consumption and CO2 emissions in five OPEC countries for the last four decades (1978-2017). We found that per capita energy consumption has a negative relationship with per capita GDP while per...