commuting and estimate the earnings returns to commuting. We show that commuting was an important feature for the majority of … causal return of between 1.5 to 3.5 percent of earnings for each additional kilometer travelled. We also show that commuting …

In this paper, we derive a structural model for commuting speed. We presumethat commuting speed is chosen to minimise … commuting costs, which encompass bothmonetary and time costs. At faster speed levels, the monetary costs increase, but the …

opportunities, local labour market conditions have been a notable omission from much of the empirical literature on commuting … female employment, the less time women spend commuting. On average the 'female friendliness' of the local labour market has …