This report presents evidence on how services trade restrictions influence the decisions and performance of firms engaged in international markets, drawing on micro-data from Belgium, Finland, Germany, Italy, Japan, Sweden, the United Kingdom, and the United States. It first describes the...

Distance, as a proxy for trade barriers, is found in many studies to matter even for weightless cross-border financial investments and lending, possibly due to the presence of information asymmetries. Its importance is tested in this paper using exports of all five broad categories of the U.K.'s...

This paper examines the implications of the Trade and Cooperation Agreement for financial services. It outlines the major features of the TCA as regards financial services and considers the limitations of the TCA as regards securing access by UK financial services firms to the EU financial...