In this paper we argue that the fertility decline that began around 1880 had substantial positive effects on the health … degree of crowding in the household. The evidence suggests that family size affected the health of children through its … falling family size contributed significantly to improving child health between 1886 and 1938. Between 1906 and 1938 these …

In this paper we argue that the fertility decline that began around 1880 had substantial positive effects on the health … degree of crowding in the household. The evidence suggests that family size affected the health of children through its … falling family size contributed significantly to improving child health between 1886 and 1938. Between 1906 and 1938 these …

to quarterly British data on chronic health conditions for those of working age over the period 2002-2016. We find strong … and robust counter-cyclical relationships for overall chronic health, and for five broad types of health conditions …. Chronic health conditions therefore increase in poor economic times. There is considerable spatial heterogeneity across local …